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W. H. HOLMES.

HYDROGARBONS.

(No ModeL) DEVICE FOR VAPORIZING AND BURNING VADORIZED LIQUID VILLIAMHENRLT HOLMES, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOE OF ONE- HALF TO JOSEPH E.SMITH, OF SAME PLAGE.

DEVICE FOR VAPORIZING AND BURNING VAPORIZED LIQUID HYDROCARBONS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 392,031, dated October30|, 1888.

Application filed October 3, 1887. Serial No. 251,270. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it vii/ay concern.-

Be it known that I, Winnaar HENRY HoLMEs, a citizen ofthe United States,residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of N eWYork, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Devices for Vaporizingand Burning Vaporized Liquid Hydrocarbons; and I do declare thefollowing to be afull, clear, and exact description of the invention,such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains tomake and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form apart of this specification.

Myinvention relates to devices for Vaporizing and burning vapor-izedliquid hydrocarbons, and has for its object the provision of a device ofthis character which shall possess qualities of cleanliness andconstancy in use of averymarkedtype. Thedeviceisintended moreparticularly for use with a coil of waterpipe or other water-reservoirfor keeping the water in boilers constantly warm-as, for instance, insteam tire-engines and similar situations 5 but the use of the inventionis not limited to such service alone, as it can with equally goodresults be employed in any of the various situations in which vapor orgas burners are now so extensively used.

One of the main objects sought in the invention is the prevention of theaccumulations of tar,which have heretofore been a great obstacle andimpediment to the employment of these burners in steam fire-engines,where steadiness and continuity of flame are absolutely essential to theutility and function of the device, as a burner which will clog and stopburning is not at all adapted, nor is it fit for use in situations wherethe reliability and constancy of the heat are the prime objects sought.4

A further object attained by my invention is the-ready removal of anysediment, either from the gasoline previous to the generation of gas orin the gas subsequent thereto. The obj ect is attained by the peculiarconstruction of the device, which enables me to separate the parts andcleansethe structure from all accumulations of tar or other sediment ina very short space of time and in the most convenient manner.

The manner in which I attain these objects in an organized burner willbe more readily and fully understood from the following detaileddescription.

The accompanying drawing illustrates what I consider the best means forcarrying my invention into practice, and the figure illustrates avertical section taken centrally through the apparatus. V

As already stated, the device is particularly intended for use inheating water for steamboilers, and will generally be placed in a coilof water-pipe or in some other similar situation; but as I do not desireto be confined to any particular use of the invention I have not deemedit best to illustrate it in position relative to any device to beheated, as it is obvious that the points of advantage and superioritywhich render it especially useful in one situation will remain with itand add to its value in any other where analogous qualities aredemanded.

In the said drawing, A represents the supply-pipe, which is connectedwith the oil-reservoir through the T-coupling c. ply-pipe leads upwardto the generator-chamber B, and also extends down below the T- coupling,as shown at AX, and is provided with a screw-cap, ax, on its lower end,the purpose of which extension and cap will presently appear.

The generator-chamber B is preferably flatbottomed, as shown at b, andthe top is domeshaped, as shown at b. The casting of thegenerator-chamber is as thin as is consistent with strength, in order toprevent 'the undue absorption of heat. The supply-pipe A is screwed intothe bottom b on one side. Through the bottom on the opposite side of theappara tus the discharge-pipe C is screwed., as shown. Thisdischarge-pipe is made in the general form of a cross, and both theupright and horizontal limbs are tubular, as shown at C and C2,respectively, and the bores extend from the point of intersection C3 inboth directions in each pipe, and are fitted with screw-plugs G c ThissupandC X, which can be removed for cleansing the apparatus. Theextension of the upright pipe C beneath the intersection, as shown at C,gives a sediment-chamber, whose purpose will 5 presently be explained.The inner end of the horizontal portion of the discharge-pipe is fittedwith a valve, as shown at D, whose stem is vprovided at the lower endwith a handwheel, D', and is threaded into the head C of Io thedischarge-pipe to regulate the flow of gas through the orifice. rIhedischarge-orifice is contracted in the usual way, and the top of thevalve is conical, as seen, so as to direct the discharge of gas in awell-concentrated stream. A

15 bowl or receiver, d, is screwed upon thelower end of the head andserves a purpose which will be understood when the operation of thedevice is explained.

Above the gen erator-chamber B is mounted the cap or boX E, surroundingthe gas-receiving chamber. To secure this cap or box E upon the dome ofthe chamber I3, I provide an annular horizontal iiange, bx, on the saidchamber B with a recess around it, as shown, and set the cap or box Eupon it and secure it by bolts e, passing through the top of the cap Eand screwed into the metal of the dome B or flange bx. rIhe top of thecap E is flat, and exit-ports e' are provided in the perpendicular sidewalls, as shown, through which the gas to be burned passes.

- A tube, F, of considerably larger diameter than the burner, is screwedthrough the bottom and dome of the generator-chamber immediately overthe discharge-orifice and in sufficiently close relation thereto toinsure the passage of all the gas emitted from said orifice through it,and at the same time at sufficient distance therefrom to permit theinterminglin g with the gas of a sufficient amount of atmospheric air toproperly load the gas and make it possess the greatest degree ofheat-produc;

ing power. The lower end of the tube F pro' jects beneath the bottom ofthe generatorchamber, and is enlarged into or provided with a head ornut, f, which can be taken hold of with a wrench and turned, and wherethe said tube passes through the dome of the generator-chamber anextension is also provided upon the dome, as shown at f', which alsoserves as a nut or head to be taken hold of with a wrench to hold thedevice after the cap is removed and while the tube F and pipes A and Care being removed. rIhe extension brings the discharge end of tube inclose proximity tothe flat top of cap.

When it is'desired to start the burner, the oil is turned on from thereservoir (not shown) and flows through coupling a, pipe A, chamber B,pipes c c, through orifice c, the valve having been previously opened,and into bowl d. It is there lighted, and the iiame .Jrising from itflows up through tube F, and as soon as the'parts become sufficientlyheated 6 5 the generation of gas is begun in the chamber B, and asufficient amount will soon accumulate to flow down through gas pipe()and out the orifice cG into tube F, thence into the gasreceiver abovethe generator-chamber and out thgough the openings e'. In the passage ofthe gas from the orifice to the tube an amount of air as great as can beproperly oommingled with the gas for burning flows up with it and isburned, thus increasing the effectiveness of the burner very materially.Any sediment from the oil will lodge iirst on the pipe A and drop downinto the extension AX, whence it can be removed by removing the cap ax,and this may be done without disturbing the other parts of theapparatus. The sediment from the gas will settle into thegeneratorchamber and into the discharge-pipe eXtension C4. It can beremoved from the generator-chamber by taking off cap E and unscrewingtube F and pipes A and C, when the chamber can be readily cleansed andthe parts restored. The pipe C is cleaned by unscrewing plugs eX and 0XXand running in a wire or swab. This cleansing of the gas-pipes can beaccomplished without disturbing the other parts of the apparatus. Theorifice c and space below it can be readily reached bothv from thehorizontal pipe and up through the threaded hole in the head when thevalve-rod is removed.

I prefer to form the device of cast-iron instead of brass orcomposition, as is usually done in burners, for the reason that I havefound that the tar does not adhere as tenaciously to cast-iron as to thebrass or composition, and the east-iron is much cheaper.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is-

l. rIhe generator-chamber B, having a flat bottom and a dome-shaped top,a tube, F, screwed through both bottom and top and affording a passagethrough the generatorchamber,which is closed on the sides and open atbottom and top, and the cap E, set over the generator-chamber, having aclosed top and perforated sides, in combination with the supply-tube Aand the discharge-tube C, having a jet-tube attached to it and locatedimmediately beneath the bottom of tube F, as set forth.

2. The combination, with a generator-chamber having the open-ended tubeF screwed through it, and provided with a cap having an imperforate topand perforate sides, of a supply-tube, A, leading into the bottom of thegenerator-chamber, having a connection, a, to the supply-pipe and aclosed drip-extension, AX, and a dischargetube, O, having an upright anda horizontal duct, both of which eX- tend beyond the point ofintersection, and are provided with removable plugs, as described, and ajet-tube located at the inner end of the horizontal duct of thedischarge-tube and lying immediately beneath the open tube F, as setforth.

3. In a hydrocarbomburner, the combina- IIO ton of' a generator chamberhaving a Hat oilsuppiy and gas-discharge tubes screwed v bottom and adome-shaped top provided with into the bottom of the generator'ohamber.1o the nut or head f', a mingling-tube Screwed In testimony whereof Iaffix my signature in through the bottom and into and through thepresence of tWo Witnesses.

5 head of the dome, and having the head or nut WILLIAM HENRY HOLMES.

j' on its lower end below the bottom of the gen- NVitnesses:erator-ehamber, a cap, E, above the genera- I. N. KALB,

torohaniber inclosing the gas-space, and the J. E. SMITH.

